Improving Automated Geological Logging of Drill Holes by Incorporating Multiscale Spatial Methods

Mathematical Geosciences - Manually interpreting multivariate drill hole data is very time-consuming, and different geologists will produce different results due to the subjective nature of...     

钻压水动力增效装置试验研究

在复杂地质条件下进行钻探或处理事故时,常有需要增加钻压的情况。而所选钻机其所能产生的轴向压力是一定的。因此,在钻机选定后如何增加钻压的问题是个非常重要的问题,有时是一个非常急迫的问题。乌克兰国立矿业大学的专家们利用水力动力学原理研制出了一种新型钻压水动力增效装置,可以解决上述问题,值得借鉴。介绍了这种钻压水动力增效装置（ГУОН）的工作原理及其技术性能指标,并通过试验结果与理论计算结果进行了对比。     

ArcGIS三维分析技术在潜在滑坡体预测中的应用

以贵州省六盘水市水城县大河镇一个潜在滑坡体为例,利用遥感影像（RS）、地理信息系统（GIS）、遥感图像处理（ENVI）和三维分析（ArcGIS）等技术,完成了对该地质体的高分辨率遥感影像和DEM信息数据的生成处理。并采用ArcGIS三维分析方法技术,实现了对所预测的潜在滑坡体三维的立体可视化成图及其表面积、体积的概略计...     

再谈黎平敖市金刚石异常——贵州省当前最佳金刚石找矿靶区分析

诸多迹象表明,敖市金刚石异常为一浓集异常,且叠加在一辉石重砂异常之上,显示出强烈的近源补给特征,其补给源极有可能是具工业价值的金刚石原生矿.鉴于湘黔金刚石成矿区内已知的含金刚石钾镁煌斑岩及其相关岩体的同位素年龄值均在375～475 Ma范围,其成矿期显然属加里东晚期,而紧邻敖市异常尚有后加里东盖层残留,作为幔源火山作用...     

贵州台江县大塘铅锌矿找矿前景浅析

大塘铅锌矿位于黔东铅锌成矿带中段,区域性施洞口断裂北西侧,矿体及矿化体呈似层状、脉状和透镜状赋存于下寒武统清虚洞组及中寒武统石冷水组地层中,含矿岩系为角砾状白云岩,矿石矿物主要为闪锌矿、方铅矿及少量黄铁矿,脉石矿物主要为白云石及少量方解石。矿石结构以粒状结构和假象结构为主,矿石构造主要为浸染状、细脉状和角砾状构造。该类型铅锌矿矿床有一定的规模,找矿标志明显。黔东铅锌成矿带中段内有铅锌矿点和铅锌地球化学异常区多处,通过了解该类型铅锌矿床地质特征和找矿标志,可望找到更多、更大的铅锌矿。     

Anthropogenic Sulfate and Nitrate Signals in Snow from Bogda Glacier, Eastern Tianshan

A 1.2 m snow pit was recovered on July 29th, 2009 from the Bogda Glacier, eastern Tianshan (天山). The sample site temperature of -9.6 ℃ indicates that the unique glaciochemical re-cord was well preserved and suitable for the reconstruction of air pollution levels in this previously un-explored region. Samples were analyzed for major ions (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, NH4+, Cl-, SO42-, NO3-, HCOO-, and CH3COO-). NO3- and SO42- were characterized by significant high levels of pollution con-centration. Most air masses ...     

Analyses of the warm season rainfall climatology of the northeastern US using regional climate model simulations and radar rainfall fields

We examine the warm season (April-September) rainfall climatology of the northeastern US through analyses of high-resolution radar rainfall fields from the Hydro-NEXRAD system and regional climate model simulations using the weather research and forecasting (WRF) model. Analyses center on the 5-year period from 2003 to 2007 and the study area includes the New York-New Jersey metropolitan region covered by radar rainfall fields from the Fort Dix, NJ WSR-88D. The objective of this study is to develop and test tools for examining rainfall climatology, with a special focus on heavy rainfall. An additional emphasis is on rainfall climatology in regions of complex terrain, like the northeastern US, which is characterized by land-water boundaries, large heterogeneity in land use and cover, and mountainous terrain in the western portion of the region. We develop a 5-year record of warm season radar rainfall fields for the study region using the Hydro-NEXRAD system. We perform regional downscaling simulations for the 5-year study period using the WRF model. Radar rainfall fields are used to characterize the interannual, seasonal and diurnal variation of rainfall over the study region and to examine spatial heterogeneity of rainfall. Regional climate model simulations are characterized by a wet bias in the rainfall fields, with the largest bias in the high-elevation regions of the model domain. We show that model simulations capture broad features of the interannual, seasonal, and diurnal variation of rainfall. Model simulations do not capture spatial gradients in radar rainfall fields around the New York metropolitan region and land-water boundaries to the east. The model climatology of convective available potential energy (CAPE) is used to interpret the regional distribution of warm season rainfall and the seasonal and diurnal variability of rainfall. We use hydrologic and meteorological observations from July 2007 to examine the interactions of land surface processes and rainfall from a regional perspective.     

青藏高原天然气水合物遥感探测研究

介绍了天然气水合物的遥感探测方法,即:首先选择适当的ETM+、ASTER以及Quickbird等遥感图像,分析可见光、短波红外、热红外波段的影像特征,反演地表温度;然后结合野外调查和前人资料,寻找天然气水合物的直接和间接遥感解译标志,进行遥感解译。研究结果表明,青藏高原天然气远景区出现的几种遥感解译标志包括:地表上空高温异常(尤其是水体上空)、泥火山、沼泽地水体中大量气泡和棕黄色沉淀物,以及碳酸盐化、粘土化等指示信息。本研究为进一步开展大规模天然气水合物遥感调查和圈定靶区提供了基础方法。      

乌鲁木齐夏季强降水过程GPS-PWV的演变特征

利用乌鲁木齐GPS观测站数据反演得到1h间隔GPS遥测的大气可降水量(GPS-PWV)和乌鲁木齐自动气象站逐时降水资料,分析了乌鲁木齐地区夏季10次中雨以上降水过程的GPS-PWV演变特征。结果表明,乌鲁木齐地区的强降水过程中GPS-PWV呈现出明显的1～3天增湿过程和1～2次跃变过程,且降水时GPS-PWV几乎约为气候平均值的2倍,跃变过程与降水发生和结束有较好的关系,可为干旱区降水短期预报提供一个明确的水汽演变指标。     

夏末华北低槽尾部雹云的生成环境和结构特征

利用常规观测资料、多普勒雷达和卫星探测及反演资料、区域自动站资料及NCEP再分析资料,分析了2009年8月27日冀中南地区的突发性强风雹天气过程。结果表明,扩散南下的弱冷空气对强对流起触发作用,地面辐合线进一步促进了对流发展。雹云发展于上干下湿的环境场中,凝结潜热释放可能为雹云迅速发展提供了能量,中等偏强的深层垂直风切变为雹云的发展和维持提供了有利的动力条件。但08:00湿层低而浅薄、0℃层高度偏高(高于历史出雹的平均高度)和云顶亮温相对高等特征增加了预报难度,而相对高的云光学厚度可为午后强对流发展提供短临预报信息。雹云在雷达反射率产品上表现为线状排列的"超级单体族"特征,向东传播的多单体风暴使强风雹天气得以持续。